Great Lakes Indians
Little Otter Singers (Mille Lacs Lake Reservation, Minnesota)
Pete Gahbow (lead), Art Gahbow, Bill Gahbow (Drumkeeper and Drumwarmer #1), Bill Erik (Drumwarmer #2), Tom Benjamin (Drumwarmer #3), Larry Smallwood, Darren Moose, Jard Gahbow, Ron White, Joe Cominghay. The only Minnesota group on the recording, Little Otter was given it's name by Pete Gahbow, while driving on a state highway crossing the Little Otter River. The singers are from Mille Lacs Lake.
LCO Soldiers' Drum (Lac Court Oreilles Reservation, Wisconsin)
Preston Larson (lead), Bill Gouge, Willard Gouge, Louis White, Paul DeMain, Duck White Smokeytown Singers (Menominee Indian Reservation, Wisconsin) Myron Pyawasit (lead), Joey Awanohpay, Steven Waupoose, Dana Waupoose, Gary Besaw, Cheyenne Pyawasit, Bedahbin Webkamigad
The Smokeytown Singers were organized by Myron Pyawasit in 1973, when he was 19 years old. The group's name was his creation and inspired by a former practice of woodlands peoples. Long before the days of aerosol insect repellants, Indian people would build a fire in a small pail and add wood chips to create a smudge or heavy smoke to keep mosquitos away. Myron remembers how, one summer night, he noticed that everywhere in his small village of Zoar these smokey fires were burning, so he nicknamed the community Smokeytown- hence the name of his drum.
Bad River Singers (Bad River Reservation, Wisconsin)
Joe Dan Rose (lead), Dan Powless, Ed Mayotte, Matt O'Claire, Francis Stone, Robert Leoso The Bad River drum was organized in 1978, when Joe and some friends were helped by his father, Joe Rose. The formation of this young group came at a time when the community was facing a number of problems, not the least of which had been the loss through sale or theft of all its traditional drums. The emergence of the Bad River Singers had a healing effect on community disintegration; many elders, silent until then, came forth to share their knowledge of the Bad River traditions. The young singers became active in other matters, directing their energies in building a new drum, helping the local powwow committee prepare the dance grounds for their annual "Manoomin [wild rice] Celebration." As Joe Dan puts it, "As we learned to sing, we began to understand the symbolic meaning of 'the Heart of the Drum' and the importance of facing each other in a circle. It was a vital part of growing up."
Winnebago Sons (Baraboo, Wisconsin)
Joe Greendeer (lead), Kurt Greendeer, Ron Mallory, Rodney Mallory, Steve Mallory, William Hendsley, Bob Blackdeer The Winnebago Sons drum was founded by four of Lyle Greendeer's sons about 1970, with Conray as lead singer. Originally called the "Greendeer Singers," the name was changed three years later. On this recording, Joe Greendeer is the lead singer. Bear Claw Singers (Hertel, Wisconsin) Ron Mallory (lead), Rodney Mallory, Steve Mallory, William Hendsley, Stuart Decorah (Drumkeeper) Three Fires Society Singers (Lac Court Oreilles Reservation, Wisconsin) Eddie Benton Banai (lead), Raymond Benton, Bird Benton, Joe Dan Rose, Hottza Webster, Hottnawa Benton.